Arduino/app/preproc/WEmitter.g

/*%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

        Copyright (c) Non, Inc. 1998 -- All Rights Reserved

PROJECT:        C Compiler
MODULE:         WEmitter
FILE:           WEmitter.g

AUTHOR:         Monty Zukowski (jamz@cdsnet.net) April 28, 1998
MODIFICATIONS:  Hernando Barragan added support for the Wiring language

DESCRIPTION:

                This tree grammar is for a Gnu C AST.
                It turns the tree back into source code.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%*/


header {
package processing.app.preproc;
import processing.app.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

import antlr.CommonAST;
import antlr.DumpASTVisitor;
}

                     
class WEmitter extends WTreeParser;

options
        {
        importVocab = W;
        buildAST = false;
        ASTLabelType = "TNode";

        // Copied following options from java grammar.
        codeGenMakeSwitchThreshold = 2;
        codeGenBitsetTestThreshold = 3;
        }


{


int tabs = 0;
PrintStream currentOutput = System.out;
int lineNum = 1;
String currentSource = "";
LineObject trueSourceFile;
final int lineDirectiveThreshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
PreprocessorInfoChannel preprocessorInfoChannel = null;
Stack sourceFiles = new Stack();

WEmitter( PreprocessorInfoChannel preprocChannel )
{
        preprocessorInfoChannel = preprocChannel;
}


public void setOut(PrintStream out) {
        this.currentOutput = out;
}

boolean childContains(AST ast, String childName) {
    AST child = ast.getFirstChild();
    AST childchild;
    while (child != null) {
      //System.out.println(child.getText());
      if (child.getText().equals(childName)) {
        // debug.println("getChild: found:" + name(ast));
        return true;
      }
      if(child.getFirstChild() != null) {
        if(childContains(child, childName)) {
          return true;
        }
      }
      child = child.getNextSibling();
    }
    return false;
}

public void printDeclarations(AST ast) throws RunnerException {
    if (ast == null) {
      return;
    }

    /*if(!childContains(ast, "serialEvent")) {
      currentOutput.print("void serialEvent() {}");
    }*/
    if(!childContains(ast, "setup")) {
      currentOutput.print("void setup() {}");
    }
    if(!childContains(ast, "loop")) {
      currentOutput.print("void loop() {}");
    }
}


void initializePrinting()
{
    Vector preprocs = preprocessorInfoChannel.extractLinesPrecedingTokenNumber( new Integer(1) );
    printPreprocs(preprocs);
/*    if ( currentSource.equals("") ) {
        trueSourceFile = new LineObject(currentSource);
        currentOutput.println("# 1 \"" + currentSource + "\"\n");
        sourceFiles.push(trueSourceFile);
    } 
*/
}

void finalizePrinting() {
    // flush any leftover preprocessing instructions to the stream

    printPreprocs( 
        preprocessorInfoChannel.extractLinesPrecedingTokenNumber( 
                new Integer( preprocessorInfoChannel.getMaxTokenNumber() + 1 ) ));
    //print a newline so file ends at a new line
    currentOutput.println();
}

void printPreprocs( Vector preprocs ) 
{
    // if there was a preprocessingDirective previous to this token then
    // print a newline and the directive, line numbers handled later
    if ( preprocs.size() > 0 ) {  
        if ( trueSourceFile != null ) {
            currentOutput.println();  //make sure we're starting a new line unless this is the first line directive
        }
        lineNum++;
        Enumeration e = preprocs.elements();
        while (e.hasMoreElements())
        {
            Object o = e.nextElement();
            if ( o.getClass().getName().equals("LineObject") ) {
                LineObject l = (LineObject) o;

                // we always return to the trueSourceFile, we never enter it from another file
                // force it to be returning if in fact we aren't currently in trueSourceFile
                if (( trueSourceFile != null ) //trueSource exists
                        && ( !currentSource.equals(trueSourceFile.getSource()) ) //currently not in trueSource
                        && ( trueSourceFile.getSource().equals(l.getSource())  ) ) { //returning to trueSource
                    l.setEnteringFile( false );
                    l.setReturningToFile( true );
                }


                // print the line directive
                currentOutput.println(l);
                lineNum = l.getLine();
                currentSource = l.getSource();


                // the very first line directive always represents the true sourcefile
                if ( trueSourceFile == null ) {
                    trueSourceFile = new LineObject(currentSource);
                    sourceFiles.push(trueSourceFile);
                }

                // keep our own stack of files entered
                if ( l.getEnteringFile() ) {
                    sourceFiles.push(l);
                }

                // if returning to a file, pop the exited files off the stack
                if ( l.getReturningToFile() ) {
                    LineObject top = (LineObject) sourceFiles.peek();
                    while (( top != trueSourceFile ) && (! l.getSource().equals(top.getSource()) )) {
                        sourceFiles.pop();
                        top = (LineObject) sourceFiles.peek();
                    }
                }
            }
            else { // it was a #pragma or such
                currentOutput.println(o);
                lineNum++;
            }
        }
    }

}

void print( TNode t ) {
    int tLineNum = t.getLocalLineNum();
    if ( tLineNum == 0 ) tLineNum = lineNum;

    Vector preprocs = preprocessorInfoChannel.extractLinesPrecedingTokenNumber((Integer)t.getAttribute("tokenNumber"));
    printPreprocs(preprocs);
    
    if ( (lineNum != tLineNum) ) {
        // we know we'll be newlines or a line directive or it probably
        // is just the case that this token is on the next line
        // either way start a new line and indent it
        currentOutput.println();
        lineNum++;      
        printTabs();
    }

    if ( lineNum == tLineNum ){
        // do nothing special, we're at the right place
    }
    else {  
        int diff = tLineNum - lineNum;
        if ( lineNum < tLineNum ) {
            // print out the blank lines to bring us up to right line number
            for ( ; lineNum < tLineNum ; lineNum++ ) {
                currentOutput.println();
            }
            printTabs();
        }
        else { // just reset lineNum
            lineNum = tLineNum; 
        }
    }
    currentOutput.print( t.getText() + " " );
}


/* This was my attempt at being smart about line numbers
   It didn't work quite right but I don't know why, I didn't
   have enough test cases.  Worked ok compiling rcs and ghostscript
*/
void printAddingLineDirectives( TNode t ) {
    int tLineNum = t.getLocalLineNum();
    String tSource = (String) t.getAttribute("source");

    if ( tSource == null ) tSource = currentSource;
    if ( tLineNum == 0 ) tLineNum = lineNum;

    Vector preprocs = preprocessorInfoChannel.extractLinesPrecedingTokenNumber((Integer)t.getAttribute("tokenNumber"));
    printPreprocs(preprocs);
    
    if ( (lineNum != tLineNum) || !currentSource.equals(tSource) ) {  
        // we know we'll be newlines or a line directive or it probably
        // is just the case that this token is on the next line
        // either way start a new line and indent it
        currentOutput.println();
        lineNum++;      
        printTabs();
    }

    if ( ( lineNum == tLineNum ) && ( currentSource.equals(tSource) ) ){
        // do nothing special, we're at the right place
    }
    else if ( currentSource.equals(tSource) ) {  
        int diff = tLineNum - lineNum;
        if (diff > 0 && diff < lineDirectiveThreshold) {
            // print out the blank lines to bring us up to right line number
            for ( ; lineNum < tLineNum ; lineNum++ ) {
                currentOutput.println();
            }
        }
        else { // print line directive to get us to right line number
            // preserve flags 3 and 4 if present in current file
            if ( ! sourceFiles.empty() ) {
                LineObject l = (LineObject) sourceFiles.peek();
                StringBuffer tFlags = new StringBuffer("");
                if (l.getSystemHeader()) {
                    tFlags.append(" 3");
                }
                if (l.getTreatAsC()) {
                    tFlags.append(" 4");
                }
                currentOutput.println("# " + tLineNum + " \"" + tSource + "\"" + tFlags.toString());
                lineNum = tLineNum; 
            }
        }

        printTabs();
    }
    else { // different source
        Enumeration sources = sourceFiles.elements();
        // see if we're returning to a file we entered earlier
        boolean returningToEarlierFile = false;
        while (sources.hasMoreElements()) {
            LineObject l = (LineObject) sources.nextElement();
            if (l.getSource().equals(tSource)) {
                returningToEarlierFile = true;
                break;
            }
        }       
        if (returningToEarlierFile) {
            // pop off the files we're exiting, but never pop the trueSourceFile
            LineObject l = (LineObject) sourceFiles.peek();
            while ( ( l != trueSourceFile ) &&(! l.getSource().equals(tSource) ) ) {
                sourceFiles.pop();
                l = (LineObject) sourceFiles.peek();
            }
            
            // put in the return flag, plus others as needed
            StringBuffer tFlags = new StringBuffer(" 2");
            if (l.getSystemHeader()) {
                tFlags.append(" 3");
            }
            if (l.getTreatAsC()) {
                tFlags.append(" 4");
            }

            currentOutput.println("# " + tLineNum + " \"" + tSource + "\"" + tFlags);
            lineNum = tLineNum;
            currentSource = tSource;
            printTabs();
        }
        else {  // entering a file that wasn't in the original source
                // pretend we're entering it from top of stack
            currentOutput.println("# " + tLineNum + " \"" + tSource + "\"" + " 1");
            lineNum = tLineNum;
            currentSource = tSource;
            printTabs();
        }
    }
    currentOutput.print( t.getText() + " " );
}

/** It is not ok to print newlines from the String passed in as 
it will screw up the line number handling **/
void print( String s ) {
    currentOutput.print( s + " " );
}

void printTabs() {
    for ( int i = 0; i< tabs; i++ ) {
        currentOutput.print( "\t" );
    }
}
    
void commaSep( TNode t ) {
    print( t );
    if ( t.getNextSibling() != null ) {
        print( "," );
    }
}
    
        int traceDepth = 0;
        public void reportError(RecognitionException ex) {
          if ( ex != null)   {
                System.err.println("ANTLR Tree Parsing RecognitionException Error: " + ex.getClass().getName() + " " + ex );
                ex.printStackTrace(System.err);
          }
        }
        public void reportError(NoViableAltException ex) {
                System.err.println("ANTLR Tree Parsing NoViableAltException Error: " + ex.toString());
                TNode.printTree( ex.node );
                ex.printStackTrace(System.err);
        }
        public void reportError(MismatchedTokenException ex) {
          if ( ex != null)   {
                TNode.printTree( ex.node );
                System.err.println("ANTLR Tree Parsing MismatchedTokenException Error: " + ex );
                ex.printStackTrace(System.err);
          }
        }
        public void reportError(String s) {
                System.err.println("ANTLR Error from String: " + s);
        }
        public void reportWarning(String s) {
                System.err.println("ANTLR Warning from String: " + s);
        }
        protected void match(AST t, int ttype) throws MismatchedTokenException {
                //System.out.println("match("+ttype+"); cursor is "+t);
                super.match(t, ttype);
        }
        public void match(AST t, BitSet b) throws MismatchedTokenException {
                //System.out.println("match("+b+"); cursor is "+t);
                super.match(t, b);
        }
        protected void matchNot(AST t, int ttype) throws MismatchedTokenException {
                //System.out.println("matchNot("+ttype+"); cursor is "+t);
                super.matchNot(t, ttype);
                }
        public void traceIn(String rname, AST t) {
          traceDepth += 1;
          for (int x=0; x<traceDepth; x++) System.out.print(" ");
          super.traceIn(rname, t);   
        }
        public void traceOut(String rname, AST t) {
          for (int x=0; x<traceDepth; x++) System.out.print(" ");
          super.traceOut(rname, t);
          traceDepth -= 1;
        }



}
    

translationUnit  options {
  defaultErrorHandler=false;
}
        :
                                { initializePrinting(); }
               ( externalList )? 
                                { finalizePrinting(); }
        ;
/*
exception
catch [RecognitionException ex]
                        {
                        reportError(ex);
                        System.out.println("PROBLEM TREE:\n" 
                                                + _t.toStringList());
                        if (_t!=null) {_t = _t.getNextSibling();}
                        }
*/


externalList
        :       ( externalDef )+
        ;


externalDef
        :       declaration
        |       functionDef
        |       asm_expr
        |       typelessDeclaration
        |       s:SEMI                          { print( s ); }
        ;

typelessDeclaration
        :       #(NTypeMissing initDeclList s: SEMI)    { print( s ); }
        ;



asm_expr
        :       #( a:"asm"                              { print( a ); } 
                 ( v:"volatile"                         { print( v ); } 
                 )? 
                    lc:LCURLY                           { print( lc ); tabs++; }
                    expr
                    rc:RCURLY                           { tabs--; print( rc ); }
                    s:SEMI                              { print( s ); }
                )
        ;


declaration
        :       #( NDeclaration
                    declSpecifiers
                    (                   
                        initDeclList
                    )?
                    ( s:SEMI { print( s ); } )+
                )
        ;


declSpecifiers 
        :       ( storageClassSpecifier
                | typeQualifier
                | typeSpecifier
                )+
        ;

storageClassSpecifier
        :       a:"auto"                                { print( a ); }
        |       b:"register"                    { print( b ); }
        |       c:"typedef"                     { print( c ); }
        |       functionStorageClassSpecifier
        ;


functionStorageClassSpecifier
        :       a:"extern"                      { print( a ); }
        |       b:"static"                      { print( b ); }
        |       c:"inline"                      { print( c ); }
        ;


typeQualifier
        :       a:"const"                       { print( a ); }
        |       b:"volatile"                    { print( b ); }
        ;


typeSpecifier
        :       a:"void"                        { print( a ); }
        |       b:"char"                        { print( b ); }
        |       c:"short"                       { print( c ); }
        |       d:"int"                         { print( d ); }
        |       e:"long"                        { print( e ); }
        |       f:"float"                       { print( f ); }
        |       g:"double"                      { print( g ); }
        |       h:"signed"                      { print( h ); }
        |       i:"unsigned"                    { print( i ); }
        |       j:"byte"                        { print( j ); }
        |       k:"boolean"                     { print( k ); }
        |       l:"Servo"			{ print( l ); }
        |       m:"Wire"			{ print( m ); }
        |       structSpecifier ( attributeDecl )*
        |       unionSpecifier  ( attributeDecl )*
        |       enumSpecifier
        |       typedefName
        |       #(n:"typeof" lp:LPAREN             { print( n ); print( lp ); }
                    ( (typeName )=> typeName 
                    | expr
                    )
                    rp:RPAREN                      { print( rp ); }
                )
        |       p:"__complex"                   { print( p ); }
        ;


typedefName
        :       #(NTypedefName i:ID         { print( i ); } )
        ;


structSpecifier
        :   #( a:"struct"                       { print( a ); }
                structOrUnionBody
            )
        ;

unionSpecifier
        :   #( a:"union"                        { print( a ); }
                structOrUnionBody
            )
        ;
   
structOrUnionBody
        :       ( (ID LCURLY) => i1:ID lc1:LCURLY   { print( i1 ); print ( "{" ); tabs++; }
                        ( structDeclarationList )?
                        rc1:RCURLY                  { tabs--; print( rc1 ); }
                |   lc2:LCURLY                      { print( lc2 ); tabs++; }
                    ( structDeclarationList )?
                    rc2:RCURLY                      { tabs--; print( rc2 ); }
                | i2:ID                     { print( i2 ); }
                )
        ;

structDeclarationList
        :       ( structDeclaration             { print( ";" ); }
                )+
        ;


structDeclaration
        :       specifierQualifierList structDeclaratorList
        ;


specifierQualifierList
        :       (
                typeSpecifier
                | typeQualifier
                )+
        ;


structDeclaratorList
        :       structDeclarator
                ( { print(","); } structDeclarator )*
        ;


structDeclarator
        :
        #( NStructDeclarator       
            ( declarator )?
            ( c:COLON { print( c ); } expr )?
            ( attributeDecl )*
        )
        ;


enumSpecifier
        :   #(  a:"enum"                        { print( a ); }
                ( i:ID { print( i ); } )? 
                ( lc:LCURLY                        { print( lc ); tabs++; }
                    enumList 
                  rc:RCURLY                        { tabs--; print( rc ); }
                )?
            )
        ;


enumList
        :       
		enumerator ( {print(",");} enumerator)*
        ;


enumerator
        :       i:ID            { print( i ); }
                ( b:ASSIGN      { print( b ); }
                  expr
                )?
        ;


attributeDecl:
        #( a:"__attribute"            { print( a ); }
           (b:. { print( b ); } )*
        )
        | #( n:NAsmAttribute            { print( n ); }
             lp:LPAREN                  { print( lp ); }
             expr                       { print( ")" ); }
             rp:RPAREN                  { print( rp ); }
           )    
        ;

initDeclList
        :       initDecl     
		( { print( "," ); } initDecl )*
        ;


initDecl
                                        { String declName = ""; }
        :       #(NInitDecl
                declarator
                ( attributeDecl )*
                ( a:ASSIGN              { print( a ); }
                  initializer
                | b:COLON               { print( b ); }
                  expr
                )?
                )
        ;


pointerGroup
        :       #( NPointerGroup 
                   ( a:STAR             { print( a ); }
                    ( typeQualifier )* 
                   )+ 
                )
        ;



idList
        :       i:ID                            { print( i ); }
                (  c:COMMA                      { print( c ); }
                   id:ID                        { print( id ); }
                )*
        ;



initializer
        :       #( NInitializer (initializerElementLabel)? expr )
                | lcurlyInitializer
        ;

initializerElementLabel
        :   #( NInitializerElementLabel
                (
                    ( l:LBRACKET              { print( l ); }
                        expr
                        r:RBRACKET            { print( r ); }
                        (a1:ASSIGN             { print( a1 ); } )?
                    )
                    | i1:ID c:COLON           { print( i1 ); print( c ); } 
                    | d:DOT i2:ID a2:ASSIGN      { print( d ); print( i2 ); print( a2 ); }
                )
            )
        ;

lcurlyInitializer
        :     #(n:NLcurlyInitializer    { print( n ); tabs++; }
                initializerList       
                rc:RCURLY               { tabs--; print( rc ); } 
                )
        ;

initializerList
        :       ( i:initializer { commaSep( i ); }
                )*
        ;


declarator
        :   #( NDeclarator
                ( pointerGroup )?               

                ( id:ID                         { print( id ); }
                | lp:LPAREN { print( lp ); } declarator rp:RPAREN { print( rp ); }
                )

                (   #( n:NParameterTypeList       { print( n ); }
                    (
                        parameterTypeList
                        | (idList)?
                    )
                    r:RPAREN                      { print( r ); }
                    )
                 | lb:LBRACKET { print( lb );} ( expr )? rb:RBRACKET { print( rb ); }
                )*
             )
        ;


 
parameterTypeList
        :       ( parameterDeclaration
                    ( c:COMMA { print( c ); }
                      | s:SEMI { print( s ); }
                    )?
                )+
                ( v:VARARGS { print( v ); } )?
        ;
    


parameterDeclaration
        :       #( NParameterDeclaration
                declSpecifiers
                (declarator | nonemptyAbstractDeclarator)?
                )
        ;


functionDef
        :   #( NFunctionDef
                ( functionDeclSpecifiers)? 
                declarator
                (declaration
                 | v:VARARGS    { print( v ); }
                )*
                compoundStatement
            )
        ;
/*
exception
catch [RecognitionException ex]
                        {
                        reportError(ex);
                        System.out.println("PROBLEM TREE:\n" 
                                                + _t.toStringList());
                        if (_t!=null) {_t = _t.getNextSibling();}
                        }
*/

functionDeclSpecifiers
        :       
                ( functionStorageClassSpecifier
                | typeQualifier
                | typeSpecifier
                )+
        ;

declarationList
        :       
                (   //ANTLR doesn't know that declarationList properly eats all the declarations
                    //so it warns about the ambiguity
                    options {
                        warnWhenFollowAmbig = false;
                    } :
                localLabelDecl
                |  declaration
                )+
        ;

localLabelDecl
        :   #(a:"__label__"             { print( a ); }
              ( i:ID                    { commaSep( i ); }
              )+
                                        { print( ";" ); }
            )
        ;
   


compoundStatement
        :       #( cs:NCompoundStatement                { print( cs ); tabs++; }
                ( declarationList
                | functionDef
                )*
                ( statementList )?
                rc:RCURLY                               { tabs--; print( rc ); }
                )                               
                                                
        ;

statementList
        :       ( statement )+
        ;

statement
        :       statementBody
        ;

statementBody
        :       s:SEMI                          { print( s ); }

        |       compoundStatement       // Group of statements

        |       #(NStatementExpr
                expr                    { print( ";" ); }
                )                    // Expressions

// Iteration statements:

        |       #( w:"while" { print( w ); print( "(" ); } 
                expr { print( ")" ); } 
                statement )

        |       #( d:"do" { print( d ); } 
                statement 
                        { print( " while ( " ); }
                expr 
                        { print( " );" ); }
                )

        |       #( f:"for" { print( f ); print( "(" ); }
                expr    { print( ";" ); }
                expr    { print( ";" ); }
                expr    { print( ")" ); }
                statement
                )


// Jump statements:

        |       #( g:"goto"             { print( g );}  
                   expr                 { print( ";" ); } 
                )
        |       c:"continue"            { print( c ); print( ";" );}
        |       b:"break"               { print( b ); print( ";" );}
        |       #( r:"return"           { print( r ); }
                ( expr )? 
                                        { print( ";" ); }
                )


// Labeled statements:
        |       #( NLabel 
                ni:ID                   { print( ni ); print( ":" ); }
                ( statement )?
                )

        |       #( 
                ca:"case"               { print( ca ); }
                expr                    { print( ":" ); }
                (statement)? 
                )

        |       #( 
                de:"default"            { print( de ); print( ":" ); }
                (statement)? 
                )



// Selection statements:

        |       #( i:"if"               { print( i ); print( "(" ); }
                 expr                   { print( ")" ); }
                statement  
                (   e:"else"            { print( e ); }
                    statement 
                )?
                )
        |       #( sw:"switch"          { print( sw ); print( "(" ); }
                expr                    { print( ")" ); }
                statement 
                )



        ;
/*
exception
catch [RecognitionException ex]
                        {
                        reportError(ex);
                        System.out.println("PROBLEM TREE:\n" 
                                                + _t.toStringList());
                        if (_t!=null) {_t = _t.getNextSibling();}
                        }
*/






expr
        :       
                binaryExpr
        |       conditionalExpr
        |       castExpr
        |       unaryExpr
        |       postfixExpr
        |       primaryExpr
        |       emptyExpr
        |       compoundStatementExpr
        |       initializer
        |       rangeExpr
        |       gnuAsmExpr
        ;

emptyExpr
        :   NEmptyExpression
        ;

compoundStatementExpr
        :   #(l:LPAREN                  { print( l ); }
                compoundStatement 
                r:RPAREN                { print( r ); }
            )
        ;

rangeExpr
        :   #(NRangeExpr expr v:VARARGS{ print( v ); } expr)
        ;

gnuAsmExpr
        :   #(n:NGnuAsmExpr                        { print( n ); }
                (v:"volatile" { print( v ); } )? 
                lp:LPAREN               { print( lp ); }
                stringConst
                (  options { warnWhenFollowAmbig = false; }:
                    c1:COLON { print( c1 );} 
                    (strOptExprPair 
                        ( c2:COMMA { print( c2 ); } strOptExprPair)* 
                    )?
                  (  options { warnWhenFollowAmbig = false; }:
                    c3:COLON            { print( c3 ); }
                      (strOptExprPair 
                        ( c4:COMMA { print( c4 ); } strOptExprPair)* 
                      )?
                  )?
                )?
                ( c5:COLON              { print( c5 ); }
                  stringConst 
                  ( c6:COMMA            { print( c6 ); }
                    stringConst
                  )* 
                )?
                rp:RPAREN               { print( rp ); }
            )
        ;

strOptExprPair
        :   stringConst 
            ( 
            l:LPAREN                    { print( l ); }
            expr 
            r:RPAREN                    { print( r ); }
            )?
        ;

binaryOperator
        :       ASSIGN
        |       DIV_ASSIGN
        |       PLUS_ASSIGN
        |       MINUS_ASSIGN
        |       STAR_ASSIGN
        |       MOD_ASSIGN
        |       RSHIFT_ASSIGN
        |       LSHIFT_ASSIGN
        |       BAND_ASSIGN
        |       BOR_ASSIGN
        |       BXOR_ASSIGN
        |       LOR
        |       LAND
        |       BOR
        |       BXOR
        |       BAND
        |       EQUAL
        |       NOT_EQUAL
        |       LT
        |       LTE
        |       GT
        |       GTE
        |       LSHIFT
        |       RSHIFT
        |       PLUS
        |       MINUS
        |       STAR
        |       DIV
        |       MOD
        |       NCommaExpr
        ;

binaryExpr
        :       b:binaryOperator
                    // no rules allowed as roots, so here I manually get 
                    // the first and second children of the binary operator
                    // and then print them out in the right order
                                        {       TNode e1, e2;
                                                e1 = (TNode) b.getFirstChild();
                                                e2 = (TNode) e1.getNextSibling();
                                                expr( e1 );
                                                print( b );
                                                expr( e2 );
                                        }
                                                
        ;

        
conditionalExpr
        :       #( q:QUESTION 
                expr                    { print( q ); }
                ( expr )? 
                c:COLON                 { print( c ); }
                expr 
                )
        ;


castExpr
        :       #( 
                c:NCast                 { print( c ); }
                typeName                
                rp:RPAREN               { print( rp ); }
                expr 
                )
        ;


typeName
        :       specifierQualifierList (nonemptyAbstractDeclarator)?
        ;

nonemptyAbstractDeclarator
        :   #( NNonemptyAbstractDeclarator
            (   pointerGroup
                (   (lp1:LPAREN                         { print( lp1 ); }
                    (   nonemptyAbstractDeclarator
                        | parameterTypeList
                    )?
                    rp1:RPAREN                          { print( rp1 ); }
                    )
                | (
                    lb1:LBRACKET                        { print( lb1 ); }
                    (expr)? 
                    rb1:RBRACKET                        { print( rb1 ); }
                  )
                )*

            |  (   (lp2:LPAREN                          { print( lp2 ); }
                    (   nonemptyAbstractDeclarator
                        | parameterTypeList
                    )?
                    rp2:RPAREN                          { print( rp2 ); }
                   )
                | (
                    lb2:LBRACKET                        { print( lb2 ); }
                    (expr)? 
                    rb2:RBRACKET                        { print( rb2 ); }
                  )
                )+
            )
            )
        ;



unaryExpr
        :       #( i:INC { print( i ); } expr )
        |       #( d:DEC { print( d ); } expr )
        |       #( NUnaryExpr u:unaryOperator { print( u ); } expr)
        |       #( s:"sizeof"                           { print( s ); }
                    ( ( LPAREN typeName )=> 
                        lps:LPAREN                      { print( lps ); }
                        typeName 
                        rps:RPAREN                      { print( rps ); }
                    | expr
                    )
                )
        |       #( a:"__alignof"                             { print( a ); }
                    ( ( LPAREN typeName )=> 
                        lpa:LPAREN                      { print( lpa ); }
                        typeName 
                        rpa:RPAREN                      { print( rpa ); }
                    | expr
                    )
                )
        ;
/*
exception
catch [RecognitionException ex]
                        {
                        reportError(ex);
                        System.out.println("PROBLEM TREE:\n" 
                                                + _t.toStringList());
                        if (_t!=null) {_t = _t.getNextSibling();}
                        }
*/

    unaryOperator
        :       BAND
        |       STAR
        |       PLUS
        |       MINUS
        |       BNOT
        |       LNOT
        |       LAND
        |       "__real"
        |       "__imag"
        ;


postfixExpr
        :       #( NPostfixExpr
                    primaryExpr
                    ( a:PTR b:ID                                { print( a ); print( b ); }
                    | c:DOT d:ID                                { print( c ); print( d ); }
                    | #( n:NFunctionCallArgs                          { print( n ); }
                        (argExprList)?
                        rp:RPAREN                                     { print( rp ); }
                        )
                    | lb:LBRACKET                               { print( lb ); }
                        expr 
                        rb:RBRACKET                             { print( rb ); }
                    | f:INC                                     { print( f ); }
                    | g:DEC                                     { print( g ); }
                    )+
                )
        ;



primaryExpr
        :       i:ID                            { print( i ); }
        |       n:Number                        { print( n ); }
        |       charConst
        |       stringConst

// JTC:
// ID should catch the enumerator
// leaving it in gives ambiguous err
//      | enumerator

        |       #( eg:NExpressionGroup          { print( eg ); }
                 expr                           { print( ")" ); }
                )
        ;



argExprList
        :       expr ( {print( "," );} expr )*
        ;



protected
charConst
        :       c:CharLiteral                   { print( c ); }
        ;


protected
stringConst
        :       #( NStringSeq
                    (
                    s:StringLiteral                 { print( s ); }
                    )+
                )
        ;


protected
intConst
        :       IntOctalConst
        |       LongOctalConst
        |       UnsignedOctalConst
        |       IntIntConst
        |       LongIntConst
        |       UnsignedIntConst
        |       IntHexConst
        |       LongHexConst
        |       UnsignedHexConst
        ;


protected
floatConst
        :       FloatDoubleConst
        |       DoubleDoubleConst
        |       LongDoubleConst
        ;