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Overview · Bootstrap
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Layout
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Overview
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Grid
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Utilities for layout
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Reboot
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Components
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Alerts
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Breadcrumb
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Buttons
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Button group
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Card
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Carousel
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Collapse
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Dropdowns
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Forms
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Input group
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Jumbotron
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List group
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Modal
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Navs
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Navbar
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Pagination
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Popovers
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Progress
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Scrollspy
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Tooltips
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< div class = "bd-toc-item " >
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Utilities
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< a href = "/docs/4.0/utilities/borders/" >
Borders
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Clearfix
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< a href = "/docs/4.0/utilities/close-icon/" >
Close icon
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Colors
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Display
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Embed
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Flex
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Float
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Image replacement
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Position
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Screenreaders
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Sizing
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< a href = "/docs/4.0/utilities/spacing/" >
Spacing
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< a href = "/docs/4.0/utilities/text/" >
Text
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Vertical align
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Visibility
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Extend
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< a href = "/docs/4.0/extend/icons/" >
Icons
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< a class = "bd-toc-link" href = "/docs/4.0/migration/" >
Migration
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< ul class = "nav bd-sidenav" >
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< div class = "d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc" >
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< li class = "toc-entry toc-h2" > < a href = "#containers" > Containers< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toc-entry toc-h2" > < a href = "#responsive-breakpoints" > Responsive breakpoints< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toc-entry toc-h2" > < a href = "#z-index" > Z-index< / a > < / li >
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< main class = "col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role = "main" >
< h1 class = "bd-title" id = "content" > Overview< / h1 >
< p class = "bd-lead" > Components and options for laying out your Bootstrap project, including wrapping containers, a powerful grid system, a flexible media object, and responsive utility classes.< / p >
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< h2 id = "containers" > Containers< / h2 >
< p > Containers are the most basic layout element in Bootstrap and are < strong > required when using our default grid system< / strong > . Choose from a responsive, fixed-width container (meaning its < code class = "highlighter-rouge" > max-width< / code > changes at each breakpoint) or fluid-width (meaning it’ < code class = "highlighter-rouge" > 100%< / code > wide all the time).< / p >
< p > While containers < em > can< / em > be nested, most layouts do not require a nested container.< / p >
< div class = "bd-example" >
< div class = "bd-example-container" >
< div class = "bd-example-container-header" > < / div >
< div class = "bd-example-container-sidebar" > < / div >
< div class = "bd-example-container-body" > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-html" data-lang = "html" > < span class = "nt" > < div< / span > < span class = "na" > class=< / span > < span class = "s" > "container"< / span > < span class = "nt" > > < / span >
< span class = "c" > < !-- Content here --> < / span >
< span class = "nt" > < /div> < / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > Use < code class = "highlighter-rouge" > .container-fluid< / code > for a full width container, spanning the entire width of the viewport.< / p >
< div class = "bd-example" >
< div class = "bd-example-container bd-example-container-fluid" >
< div class = "bd-example-container-header" > < / div >
< div class = "bd-example-container-sidebar" > < / div >
< div class = "bd-example-container-body" > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-html" data-lang = "html" > < span class = "nt" > < div< / span > < span class = "na" > class=< / span > < span class = "s" > "container-fluid"< / span > < span class = "nt" > > < / span >
...
< span class = "nt" > < /div> < / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< h2 id = "responsive-breakpoints" > Responsive breakpoints< / h2 >
< p > Since Bootstrap is developed to be mobile first, we use a handful of < a href = "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Media_Queries/Using_media_queries" > media queries< / a > to create sensible breakpoints for our layouts and interfaces. These breakpoints are mostly based on minimum viewport widths and allow us to scale up elements as the viewport changes.< / p >
< p > Bootstrap primarily uses the following media query ranges—or breakpoints—in our source Sass files for our layout, grid system, and components.< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "c1" > // Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
// No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap
< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 576px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 768px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 992px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1200px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > Since we write our source CSS in Sass, all our media queries are available via Sass mixins:< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-up< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > xs< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-up< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > sm< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-up< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > md< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-up< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > lg< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-up< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > xl< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Example usage:
< / span > < span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-up< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > sm< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "nc" > .some-class< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< span class = "nl" > display< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "nb" > block< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > We occasionally use media queries that go in the other direction (the given screen size < em > or smaller< / em > ):< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "c1" > // Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 575px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Small devices (landscape phones, less than 768px)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 767px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Medium devices (tablets, less than 992px)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 991px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Large devices (desktops, less than 1200px)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1199px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Extra large devices (large desktops)
< / span > < span class = "o" > //< / span > < span class = "nt" > No< / span > < span class = "nt" > media< / span > < span class = "nt" > query< / span > < span class = "nt" > since< / span > < span class = "nt" > the< / span > < span class = "nt" > extra-large< / span > < span class = "nt" > breakpoint< / span > < span class = "nt" > has< / span > < span class = "nt" > no< / span > < span class = "nt" > upper< / span > < span class = "nt" > bound< / span > < span class = "nt" > on< / span > < span class = "nt" > its< / span > < span class = "nt" > width< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > Once again, these media queries are also available via Sass mixins:< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-down< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > xs< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-down< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > sm< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-down< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > md< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-down< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > lg< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > There are also media queries and mixins for targeting a single segment of screen sizes using the minimum and maximum breakpoint widths.< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "c1" > // Extra small devices (portrait phones, less than 576px)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 575px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Small devices (landscape phones, 576px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 576px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "nf" > and< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 767px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Medium devices (tablets, 768px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 768px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "nf" > and< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 991px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Large devices (desktops, 992px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 992px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "nf" > and< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1199px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "c1" > // Extra large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1200px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > These media queries are also available via Sass mixins:< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-only< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > xs< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-only< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > sm< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-only< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > md< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-only< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > lg< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-only< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > xl< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > Similarly, media queries may span multiple breakpoint widths:< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "c1" > // Example
// Apply styles starting from medium devices and up to extra large devices
< / span > < span class = "k" > @media< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > min-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 768px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "nf" > and< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > max-width< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1199px< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< p > The Sass mixin for targeting the same screen size range would be:< / p >
< figure class = "highlight" > < pre > < code class = "language-scss" data-lang = "scss" > < span class = "k" > @include< / span > < span class = "nd" > media-breakpoint-between< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > md< / span > < span class = "o" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > xl< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "nc" > ...< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < / code > < / pre > < / figure >
< h2 id = "z-index" > Z-index< / h2 >
< p > Several Bootstrap components utilize < code class = "highlighter-rouge" > z-index< / code > , the CSS property that helps control layout by providing a third axis to arrange content. We utilize a default z-index scale in Bootstrap that’ < / p >
< p > We don’ < / p >
< div class = "language-scss highlighter-rouge" > < pre class = "highlight" > < code > < span class = "nv" > $zindex-dropdown-backdrop< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 990< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-dropdown< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1000< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-fixed< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1030< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-sticky< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1030< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-modal-backdrop< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1040< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-modal< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1050< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-popover< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1060< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< span class = "nv" > $zindex-tooltip< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "m" > 1070< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "nb" > default< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< / div >
< p > Background elements—like the backdrops that allow click-dismissing—tend to reside on a lower < code class = "highlighter-rouge" > z-index< / code > s, while navigation and popovers utilize higher < code class = "highlighter-rouge" > z-index< / code > s to ensure they overlay surrounding content.< / p >
< / main >
< / div >
< / div >
< script src = "https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js" integrity = "sha384-KJ3o2DKtIkvYIK3UENzmM7KCkRr/rE9/Qpg6aAZGJwFDMVNA/GpGFF93hXpG5KkN" crossorigin = "anonymous" > < / script >
< script > window . jQuery || document . write ( '<script src="/assets/js/vendor/jquery-slim.min.js"><\/script>' ) < / script >
< script src = "/assets/js/vendor/popper.min.js" > < / script >
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< script src = "/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" > < / script >
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< script src = "/assets/js/docs.min.js" > < / script >
2017-08-11 06:04:59 +02:00
<!-- IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug -->
< script src = "/assets/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js" > < / script >
< script src = "/assets/js/ie-emulation-modes-warning.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/docsearch.js/2/docsearch.min.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" >
var docsearch = docsearch({
apiKey: '48cb48b22351bc71ea5f12f4d1ede198',
indexName: 'bootstrap-v4',
inputSelector: '#search-input',
handleSelected: function (input, event, suggestion) {
var url = suggestion.url;
url = suggestion.isLvl1 ? url.split('#')[0]: url;
// If it's a title we remove the anchor so it does not jump.
window.location.href = url;
},
transformData: function (hits) {
return hits.map(function (hit) {
hit.url = hit.url.replace('https://v4-alpha.getbootstrap.com', '/docs/4.0');
return hit;
});
},
debug: false // Set debug to true if you want to inspect the dropdown
});
< / script >
< script >
Holder.addTheme('gray', {
bg: '#777',
fg: 'rgba(255,255,255,.75)',
font: 'Helvetica',
fontweight: 'normal'
})
< / script >
< / body >
< / html >
