* Replace backdrop with simple noop mouse listener
As discussed in https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/22422 the current
approach of injecting a backdrop (to work around iOS' broken event
delegation for the `click` event) has annoying consequences on
touch-enabled laptop/desktop devices.
Instead of a backdrop `<div>`, here we simply add extra empty/noop
mouse listeners to the immediate children of `<body>` (and remove
them when the dropdown is closed) in order to force iOS to properly
bubble a `click` resulting from a tap (essentially, method 2 from
https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html)
This is sufficient (except in rare cases where the user does manage to tap
on the body itself, rather than any child elements of body - which is not
very likely in an iOS phone/tablet scenario for most layouts) to get iOS to
get a grip and do the correct event bubbling/delegation, meaning the regular
"click" event will bubble back to the `<body>` when tapping outside of the dropdown,
and the dropdown will close properly (just like it already does, even without
this fix, in non-iOS touchscreen devices/browsers, like Chrome/Android and
Windows on a touch laptop).
This approach, though a bit hacky, has no impact on the DOM structure, and
has no unforeseen side effects on touch-enabled laptops/desktops. And crucially,
it works just fine in iOS.
* Remove dropdown backdrop styles
* Update doc for dropdowns and touch-enabled devices
- Removes the plain-hover-focus mixin from active and disabled states; no need for them.
- Adds :active and :disabled since we can use button elements here, too.
- Wrap the disabled background-image override in an -gradients condition.
- Rename -height to -height-base to match other vars
- Drop use of -height across the board and rely on it to be inherited
- Adjust padding of .dropdown-header to account for different line-height of h6 heading element (this needs refactoring for variables and rems also)
- New vars
- New function for stripping units so we can combine rems and ems in math functions
- Add new classes for sizing and spacing around the split dropdown toggle so that the caret isn't misaligned
