| layout |
title |
description |
group |
| docs |
Modal |
Learn how to use Bootstrap's modals to add dialog prompts to your site. |
components |
Modals are streamlined, but flexible dialog prompts powered by JavaScript. They support a number of use cases from user notification to completely custom content and feature a handful of helpful subcomponents, sizes, and more.
Contents
- Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header
{:toc}
How it works
Before getting started with Bootstrap's modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed.
- Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They're positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the
<body> so that modal content scrolls instead.
- Clicking on the modal "backdrop" will automatically close the modal.
- Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren't supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences.
- Modals use
position: fixed, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You'll likely run into issues when nesting a .modal within another fixed element.
- Once again, due to
position: fixed, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/browsers-devices/#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile) for details.
- Lastly, the
autofocus HTML attribute has no effect in modals. Here's how you can achieve the same effect with custom JavaScript.
Keep reading for demos and usage guidelines.
- Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, the
autofocus HTML attribute has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function () {
$('#myInput').focus()
})
{% endhighlight %}
Examples
Modal components
Below is a static modal example (meaning its position and display have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for padding), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.
Modal title
×
Modal body text goes here.
Close
Save changes
{% highlight html %}
Modal title
×
Modal body text goes here.
Save changes
Close
{% endhighlight %}
Live demo
Toggle a working modal demo by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.
Modal title
×
Woohoo, you're reading this text in a modal!
Close
Save changes
Launch demo modal
{% highlight html %}
Launch demo modal
Modal title
×
...
Close
Save changes
{% endhighlight %}
Scrolling long content
When modals become too long for the user's viewport or device, they scroll independent of the page itself. Try the demo below to see what we mean.
Modal title
×
Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.
Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.
Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.
Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.
Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.
Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.
Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.
Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.
Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.
Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.
Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.
Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.
Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
Close
Save changes
Launch demo modal
{% highlight html %}
Launch demo modal
Modal title
×
...
Close
Save changes
{% endhighlight %}
Tooltips and popovers
[Tooltips]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/tooltips/) and [popovers]({{ site.baseurl }}/components/popovers/) can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.
Modal title
×
Popover in a modal
This button triggers a popover on click.
Tooltips in a modal
This link and that link have tooltips on hover.
Close
Save changes
Launch demo modal
{% highlight html %}
Popover in a modal
This button triggers a popover on click.
Tooltips in a modal
This link and that link have tooltips on hover.
{% endhighlight %}
Using the grid
Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting .container-fluid within the .modal-body. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.
Grids in modals
×
.col-md-4
.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4
.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3
.col-md-2 .col-md-offset-4
.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3
Level 1: .col-sm-9
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
Close
Save changes
Launch demo modal
{% highlight html %}
.col-md-4
.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4
.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3
.col-md-2 .col-md-offset-4
.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3
Level 1: .col-sm-9
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
{% endhighlight %}
Varying modal content
Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use event.relatedTarget and HTML data-* attributes (possibly via jQuery) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked.
Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, read the modal events docs for details on relatedTarget.
{% example html %}
Open modal for @mdo
Open modal for @fat
Open modal for @getbootstrap
New message
×
Close
Send message
{% endexample %}
{% highlight js %}
$('#exampleModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (event) {
var button = $(event.relatedTarget) // Button that triggered the modal
var recipient = button.data('whatever') // Extract info from data-* attributes
// If necessary, you could initiate an AJAX request here (and then do the updating in a callback).
// Update the modal's content. We'll use jQuery here, but you could use a data binding library or other methods instead.
var modal = $(this)
modal.find('.modal-title').text('New message to ' + recipient)
modal.find('.modal-body input').val(recipient)
})
{% endhighlight %}
Remove animation
For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the .fade class from your modal markup.
{% highlight html %}
...
{% endhighlight %}
Dynamic heights
If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call $('#myModal').data('bs.modal').handleUpdate() to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears.
Accessibility
Be sure to add role="dialog" and aria-labelledby="...", referencing the modal title, to .modal, and role="document" to the .modal-dialog itself. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with aria-describedby on .modal.
Embedding YouTube videos
Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. See this helpful Stack Overflow post for more information.
Optional sizes
Modals have two optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a .modal-dialog. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.
Large modal
Small modal
{% highlight html %}
Large modal
Small modal
{% endhighlight %}
<div class="modal-header">
<h4 class="modal-title" id="myLargeModalLabel">Large modal</h4>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
</div>
Usage
The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds .modal-open to the <body> to override default scrolling behavior and generates a .modal-backdrop to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.
Via data attributes
Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set data-toggle="modal" on a controller element, like a button, along with a data-target="#foo" or href="#foo" to target a specific modal to toggle.
{% highlight html %}
Launch modal
{% endhighlight %}
Via JavaScript
Call a modal with id myModal with a single line of JavaScript:
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal(options){% endhighlight %}
Options
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to data-, as in data-backdrop="".
| Name |
Type |
Default |
Description |
| backdrop |
boolean or the string 'static' |
true |
Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify static for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click. |
| keyboard |
boolean |
true |
Closes the modal when escape key is pressed |
| focus |
boolean |
true |
Puts the focus on the modal when initialized. |
| show |
boolean |
true |
Shows the modal when initialized. |
Methods
.modal(options)
Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options object.
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').modal({
keyboard: false
})
{% endhighlight %}
.modal('toggle')
Manually toggles a modal. Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden (i.e. before the shown.bs.modal or hidden.bs.modal event occurs).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('toggle'){% endhighlight %}
.modal('show')
Manually opens a modal. Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown (i.e. before the shown.bs.modal event occurs).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('show'){% endhighlight %}
.modal('hide')
Manually hides a modal. Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden (i.e. before the hidden.bs.modal event occurs).
{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('hide'){% endhighlight %}
Events
Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the <div class="modal">).
| Event Type |
Description |
| show.bs.modal |
This event fires immediately when the show instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the relatedTarget property of the event. |
| shown.bs.modal |
This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the relatedTarget property of the event. |
| hide.bs.modal |
This event is fired immediately when the hide instance method has been called. |
| hidden.bs.modal |
This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
{% highlight js %}
$('#myModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function (e) {
// do something...
})
{% endhighlight %}
