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<input type="search" class="form-control" id="search-input" placeholder="Search..." aria-label="Search for..." autocomplete="off" data-docs-version="4.5">
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Getting started
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<a href="/docs/4.5/getting-started/introduction/">
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Introduction
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Download
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Contents
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Browsers & devices
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JavaScript
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Theming
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<a href="/docs/4.5/getting-started/build-tools/">
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Build tools
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Webpack
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<a href="/docs/4.5/getting-started/accessibility/">
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Accessibility
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</div><div class="bd-toc-item active">
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.5/layout/overview/">
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Layout
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</a>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/layout/overview/">
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Overview
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<a href="/docs/4.5/layout/grid/">
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Grid
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</a>
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</li><li class="active bd-sidenav-active">
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<a href="/docs/4.5/layout/utilities-for-layout/">
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Utilities for layout
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</a>
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<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.5/content/reboot/">
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Content
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</a>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/content/reboot/">
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Reboot
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<a href="/docs/4.5/content/typography/">
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Typography
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<a href="/docs/4.5/content/code/">
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Code
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Images
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<a href="/docs/4.5/content/tables/">
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Tables
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Figures
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Components
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/alerts/">
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Alerts
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/badge/">
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Badge
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/breadcrumb/">
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Breadcrumb
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/buttons/">
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Buttons
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/button-group/">
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Button group
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/card/">
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Card
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/carousel/">
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Carousel
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/collapse/">
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Collapse
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/dropdowns/">
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Dropdowns
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/forms/">
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Forms
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</a>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/input-group/">
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Input group
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</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/jumbotron/">
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Jumbotron
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</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/list-group/">
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List group
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</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/media-object/">
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Media object
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</a>
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</li><li>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/modal/">
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Modal
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</a>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/navs/">
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Navs
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</a>
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<a href="/docs/4.5/components/navbar/">
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Navbar
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</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/pagination/">
|
||
Pagination
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/popovers/">
|
||
Popovers
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/progress/">
|
||
Progress
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/scrollspy/">
|
||
Scrollspy
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/spinners/">
|
||
Spinners
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/toasts/">
|
||
Toasts
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/components/tooltips/">
|
||
Tooltips
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li></ul>
|
||
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
|
||
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.5/utilities/borders/">
|
||
Utilities
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/borders/">
|
||
Borders
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/clearfix/">
|
||
Clearfix
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/close-icon/">
|
||
Close icon
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/colors/">
|
||
Colors
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/display/">
|
||
Display
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/embed/">
|
||
Embed
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/flex/">
|
||
Flex
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/float/">
|
||
Float
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/image-replacement/">
|
||
Image replacement
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/interactions/">
|
||
Interactions
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/overflow/">
|
||
Overflow
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/position/">
|
||
Position
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/screen-readers/">
|
||
Screen readers
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/shadows/">
|
||
Shadows
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/sizing/">
|
||
Sizing
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/spacing/">
|
||
Spacing
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/stretched-link/">
|
||
Stretched link
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/text/">
|
||
Text
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/vertical-align/">
|
||
Vertical align
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/visibility/">
|
||
Visibility
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li></ul>
|
||
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
|
||
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.5/extend/approach/">
|
||
Extend
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/extend/approach/">
|
||
Approach
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/extend/icons/">
|
||
Icons
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li></ul>
|
||
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
|
||
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.5/migration/">
|
||
Migration
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"></ul>
|
||
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
|
||
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.5/about/overview/">
|
||
About
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/about/overview/">
|
||
Overview
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/about/team/">
|
||
Team
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/about/brand/">
|
||
Brand
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/about/license/">
|
||
License
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li><li>
|
||
<a href="/docs/4.5/about/translations/">
|
||
Translations
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li></ul>
|
||
</div></nav>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc" aria-label="Secondary navigation">
|
||
<ul class="section-nav">
|
||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#changing-display">Changing display</a></li>
|
||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#flexbox-options">Flexbox options</a></li>
|
||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#margin-and-padding">Margin and padding</a></li>
|
||
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#toggle-visibility">Toggle visibility</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<main class="col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
|
||
<div class="d-md-flex flex-md-row-reverse align-items-center justify-content-between">
|
||
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-bd-light my-2 my-md-0" href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/tree/v4-dev/site/docs/4.5/layout/utilities-for-layout.md" title="View and edit this file on GitHub" target="_blank" rel="noopener">View on GitHub</a>
|
||
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Utilities for layout</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="bd-lead">For faster mobile-friendly and responsive development, Bootstrap includes dozens of utility classes for showing, hiding, aligning, and spacing content.</p>
|
||
<script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<h2 id="changing-display">Changing <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display</code></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p>Use our <a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/display/">display utilities</a> for responsively toggling common values of the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display</code> property. Mix it with our grid system, content, or components to show or hide them across specific viewports.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2 id="flexbox-options">Flexbox options</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p>Bootstrap 4 is built with flexbox, but not every element’s <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display</code> has been changed to <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display: flex</code> as this would add many unnecessary overrides and unexpectedly change key browser behaviors. Most of <a href="/docs/4.5/components/alerts/">our components</a> are built with flexbox enabled.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Should you need to add <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display: flex</code> to an element, do so with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.d-flex</code> or one of the responsive variants (e.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.d-sm-flex</code>). You’ll need this class or <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display</code> value to allow the use of our extra <a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/flex/">flexbox utilities</a> for sizing, alignment, spacing, and more.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2 id="margin-and-padding">Margin and padding</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p>Use the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">margin</code> and <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">padding</code> <a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/spacing/">spacing utilities</a> to control how elements and components are spaced and sized. Bootstrap 4 includes a five-level scale for spacing utilities, based on a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">1rem</code> value default <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">$spacer</code> variable. Choose values for all viewports (e.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.mr-3</code> for <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">margin-right: 1rem</code>), or pick responsive variants to target specific viewports (e.g., <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">.mr-md-3</code> for <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">margin-right: 1rem</code> starting at the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">md</code> breakpoint).</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2 id="toggle-visibility">Toggle <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">visibility</code></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p>When toggling <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">display</code> isn’t needed, you can toggle the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">visibility</code> of an element with our <a href="/docs/4.5/utilities/visibility/">visibility utilities</a>. Invisible elements will still affect the layout of the page, but are visually hidden from visitors.</p>
|
||
|
||
</main>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/docs/4.5/assets/js/vendor/jquery.slim.min.js"><\/script>')</script><script src="/docs/4.5/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha384-LtrjvnR4Twt/qOuYxE721u19sVFLVSA4hf/rRt6PrZTmiPltdZcI7q7PXQBYTKyf" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.js"></script><script src="/docs/4.5/assets/js/docs.min.js"></script>
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</body>
|
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</html>
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