LibrePilot/flight/Modules/Attitude/attitude.c

/**
 ******************************************************************************
 * @addtogroup OpenPilotModules OpenPilot Modules
 * @{
 * @addtogroup Attitude Copter Control Attitude Estimation
 * @brief Acquires sensor data and computes attitude estimate
 * Specifically updates the the @ref AttitudeActual "AttitudeActual" and @ref AttitudeRaw "AttitudeRaw" settings objects
 * @{
 *
 * @file       attitude.c
 * @author     The OpenPilot Team, http://www.openpilot.org Copyright (C) 2010.
 * @brief      Module to handle all comms to the AHRS on a periodic basis.
 *
 * @see        The GNU Public License (GPL) Version 3
 *
 ******************************************************************************/
/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
 * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
 * for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
 */

/**
 * Input objects: None, takes sensor data via pios
 * Output objects: @ref AttitudeRaw @ref AttitudeActual
 *
 * This module computes an attitude estimate from the sensor data
 *
 * The module executes in its own thread.
 *
 * UAVObjects are automatically generated by the UAVObjectGenerator from
 * the object definition XML file.
 *
 * Modules have no API, all communication to other modules is done through UAVObjects.
 * However modules may use the API exposed by shared libraries.
 * See the OpenPilot wiki for more details.
 * http://www.openpilot.org/OpenPilot_Application_Architecture
 *
 */

#include "pios.h"
#include "attitude.h"
#include "gyros.h"
#include "accels.h"
#include "attitudeactual.h"
#include "attitudesettings.h"
#include "flightstatus.h"
#include "manualcontrolcommand.h"
#include "CoordinateConversions.h"
#include <pios_board_info.h>
 
// Private constants
#define STACK_SIZE_BYTES 540
#define TASK_PRIORITY (tskIDLE_PRIORITY+3)

#define UPDATE_RATE  25.0f
#define GYRO_NEUTRAL 1665

#define PI_MOD(x) (fmod(x + M_PI, M_PI * 2) - M_PI)
// Private types

// Private variables
static xTaskHandle taskHandle;

// Private functions
static void AttitudeTask(void *parameters);

static float gyro_correct_int[3] = {0,0,0};
static xQueueHandle gyro_queue;

static int32_t updateSensors(AccelsData *, GyrosData *);
static int32_t updateSensorsCC3D(AccelsData * accelsData, GyrosData * gyrosData);
static void updateAttitude(AccelsData *, GyrosData *);
static void settingsUpdatedCb(UAVObjEvent * objEv);

static float accelKi = 0;
static float accelKp = 0;
static float yawBiasRate = 0;
static float gyroGain = 0.42;
static int16_t accelbias[3];
static float q[4] = {1,0,0,0};
static float R[3][3];
static int8_t rotate = 0;
static bool zero_during_arming = false;
static bool bias_correct_gyro = true;

// For running trim flights
static volatile bool trim_requested = false;
static volatile int32_t trim_accels[3];
static volatile int32_t trim_samples;
int32_t const MAX_TRIM_FLIGHT_SAMPLES = 65535;

#define GRAV         9.81f
#define ACCEL_SCALE  (GRAV * 0.004f)
/* 0.004f is gravity / LSB */

/**
 * Initialise the module, called on startup
 * \returns 0 on success or -1 if initialisation failed
 */
int32_t AttitudeStart(void)
{
	
	// Start main task
	xTaskCreate(AttitudeTask, (signed char *)"Attitude", STACK_SIZE_BYTES/4, NULL, TASK_PRIORITY, &taskHandle);
	TaskMonitorAdd(TASKINFO_RUNNING_ATTITUDE, taskHandle);
	PIOS_WDG_RegisterFlag(PIOS_WDG_ATTITUDE);
	
	return 0;
}

/**
 * Initialise the module, called on startup
 * \returns 0 on success or -1 if initialisation failed
 */
int32_t AttitudeInitialize(void)
{
	AttitudeActualInitialize();
	AttitudeSettingsInitialize();
	AccelsInitialize();
	GyrosInitialize();
	
	// Initialize quaternion
	AttitudeActualData attitude;
	AttitudeActualGet(&attitude);
	attitude.q1 = 1;
	attitude.q2 = 0;
	attitude.q3 = 0;
	attitude.q4 = 0;
	AttitudeActualSet(&attitude);
	
	// Cannot trust the values to init right above if BL runs
	gyro_correct_int[0] = 0;
	gyro_correct_int[1] = 0;
	gyro_correct_int[2] = 0;
	
	q[0] = 1;
	q[1] = 0;
	q[2] = 0;
	q[3] = 0;
	for(uint8_t i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		for(uint8_t j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			R[i][j] = 0;
	
	trim_requested = false;
	
	AttitudeSettingsConnectCallback(&settingsUpdatedCb);
	
	return 0;
}

MODULE_INITCALL(AttitudeInitialize, AttitudeStart)

/**
 * Module thread, should not return.
 */
 
int32_t accel_test;
int32_t gyro_test;
static void AttitudeTask(void *parameters)
{
	uint8_t init = 0;
	portTickType lastSysTime;
	AlarmsClear(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE);
	
	// Set critical error and wait until the accel is producing data
	while(PIOS_ADXL345_FifoElements() == 0) {
		AlarmsSet(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE, SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_CRITICAL);
		PIOS_WDG_UpdateFlag(PIOS_WDG_ATTITUDE);
	}
	
	const struct pios_board_info * bdinfo = &pios_board_info_blob;
	
	bool cc3d = bdinfo->board_rev == 0x02;

	if(cc3d) {
#if defined(PIOS_INCLUDE_BMA180)
		accel_test = PIOS_BMA180_Test();
#endif
#if defined(PIOS_INCLUDE_L3GD20)
		gyro_test = PIOS_L3GD20_Test();
#endif
	} else {
#if defined(PIOS_INCLUDE_ADXL345)
		accel_test = PIOS_ADXL345_Test();
#endif
		
		// Create queue for passing gyro data, allow 2 back samples in case
		gyro_queue = xQueueCreate(1, sizeof(float) * 4);
		PIOS_Assert(gyro_queue != NULL);
		PIOS_ADC_SetQueue(gyro_queue);
		PIOS_ADC_Config((PIOS_ADC_RATE / 1000.0f) * UPDATE_RATE);

	}
	// Force settings update to make sure rotation loaded
	settingsUpdatedCb(AttitudeSettingsHandle());
	
	lastSysTime = xTaskGetTickCount();
	
	// Main task loop
	while (1) {
		
		FlightStatusData flightStatus;
		FlightStatusGet(&flightStatus);
		
		if((xTaskGetTickCount() < 7000) && (xTaskGetTickCount() > 1000)) {
			// For first 7 seconds use accels to get gyro bias
			accelKp = 1;
			accelKi = 0.9;
			yawBiasRate = 0.23;
			init = 0;
		}
		else if (zero_during_arming && (flightStatus.Armed == FLIGHTSTATUS_ARMED_ARMING)) {
			accelKp = 1;
			accelKi = 0.9;
			yawBiasRate = 0.23;
			init = 0;
		} else if (init == 0) {
			// Reload settings (all the rates)
			AttitudeSettingsAccelKiGet(&accelKi);
			AttitudeSettingsAccelKpGet(&accelKp);
			AttitudeSettingsYawBiasRateGet(&yawBiasRate);
			init = 1;
		}
		
		PIOS_WDG_UpdateFlag(PIOS_WDG_ATTITUDE);

		AccelsData accels;
		GyrosData gyros;
		int32_t retval;
		if(cc3d) 
			retval = updateSensorsCC3D(&accels, &gyros);
		else
			retval = updateSensors(&accels, &gyros);

		if(retval != 0)
			AlarmsSet(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE, SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ERROR);
		else {
			// Only update attitude when sensor data is good
			updateAttitude(&accels, &gyros);
			AccelsSet(&accels);
			AlarmsClear(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE);
		}
	}
}

float gyros_passed[3];

/**
 * Get an update from the sensors
 * @param[in] attitudeRaw Populate the UAVO instead of saving right here
 * @return 0 if successfull, -1 if not
 */
static int32_t updateSensors(AccelsData * accels, GyrosData * gyros)
{
	struct pios_adxl345_data accel_data;
	float gyro[4];
	
	// Only wait the time for two nominal updates before setting an alarm
	if(xQueueReceive(gyro_queue, (void * const) gyro, UPDATE_RATE * 2) == errQUEUE_EMPTY) {
		AlarmsSet(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE, SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ERROR);
		return -1;
	}
	
	// No accel data available
	if(PIOS_ADXL345_FifoElements() == 0)
		return -1;
	
	// First sample is temperature
	gyros->x = -(gyro[1] - GYRO_NEUTRAL) * gyroGain;
	gyros->y = (gyro[2] - GYRO_NEUTRAL) * gyroGain;
	gyros->z = -(gyro[3] - GYRO_NEUTRAL) * gyroGain;
	
	int32_t x = 0;
	int32_t y = 0;
	int32_t z = 0;
	uint8_t i = 0;
	uint8_t samples_remaining;
	do {
		i++;
		samples_remaining = PIOS_ADXL345_Read(&accel_data);
		x +=  accel_data.x;
		y += -accel_data.y;
		z += -accel_data.z;
	} while ( (i < 32) && (samples_remaining > 0) );
	gyros->temperature = samples_remaining;

	float accel[3] = {(float) x / i, (float) y / i, (float) z / i};
	
	if(rotate) {
		// TODO: rotate sensors too so stabilization is well behaved
		float vec_out[3];
		rot_mult(R, accel, vec_out);
		accels->x = vec_out[0];
		accels->y = vec_out[1];
		accels->z = vec_out[2];
		rot_mult(R, &gyros->x, vec_out);
		gyros->x = vec_out[0];
		gyros->y = vec_out[1];
		gyros->z = vec_out[2];
	} else {
		accels->x = accel[0];
		accels->y = accel[1];
		accels->z = accel[2];
	}
	
	if (trim_requested) {
		if (trim_samples >= MAX_TRIM_FLIGHT_SAMPLES) {
			trim_requested = false;
		} else {
			uint8_t armed;
			float throttle;
			FlightStatusArmedGet(&armed);
			ManualControlCommandThrottleGet(&throttle);  // Until flight status indicates airborne
			if ((armed == FLIGHTSTATUS_ARMED_ARMED) && (throttle > 0)) {
				trim_samples++;
				// Store the digitally scaled version since that is what we use for bias
				trim_accels[0] += accels->x;
				trim_accels[1] += accels->y;
				trim_accels[2] += accels->z;
			}
		}
	}
	
	// Scale accels and correct bias
	accels->x = (accels->x - accelbias[0]) * ACCEL_SCALE;
	accels->y = (accels->y - accelbias[1]) * ACCEL_SCALE;
	accels->z = (accels->z - accelbias[2]) * ACCEL_SCALE;
	
	if(bias_correct_gyro) {
		// Applying integral component here so it can be seen on the gyros and correct bias
		gyros->x += gyro_correct_int[0];
		gyros->y += gyro_correct_int[1];
		gyros->z += gyro_correct_int[2];
	}
	
	// Because most crafts wont get enough information from gravity to zero yaw gyro, we try
	// and make it average zero (weakly)
	gyro_correct_int[2] += - gyros->z * yawBiasRate;

	gyros_passed[0] = gyros->x;
	gyros_passed[1] = gyros->y;
	gyros_passed[2] = gyros->z;

	return 0;
}

/**
 * Get an update from the sensors
 * @param[in] attitudeRaw Populate the UAVO instead of saving right here
 * @return 0 if successfull, -1 if not
 */
struct pios_bma180_data accel;
struct pios_l3gd20_data gyro;
static int32_t updateSensorsCC3D(AccelsData * accelsData, GyrosData * gyrosData)
{
	static portTickType lastSysTime;
	uint32_t accel_samples = 0;
	int32_t accel_accum[3] = {0, 0, 0};
	float gyro_scaling = 1;
	float gyros_accum[3] = {0, 0, 0};
	float accel_scaling = 1;

#if defined(PIOS_INCLUDE_L3GD20)
	xQueueHandle gyro_queue = PIOS_L3GD20_GetQueue();
	struct pios_l3gd20_data gyro;
	gyro_scaling = PIOS_L3GD20_GetScale();

	if(xQueueReceive(gyro_queue, (void *) &gyro, 3) == errQUEUE_EMPTY) {
		// Unfortunately if the L3GD20 ever misses getting read, then it will not
		// trigger more interrupts.  In this case we must force a read to kickstart
		// it.
		PIOS_L3GD20_ReadGyros(&gyro);	
		AlarmsSet(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE, SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ERROR);
		return -1;
	}

	gyrosData->x = gyro.gyro_x * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->y = -gyro.gyro_y * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->z = -gyro.gyro_z * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->temperature = 0;
	GyrosSet(gyrosData);

	gyros_accum[0] = gyrosData->x;
	gyros_accum[1] = gyrosData->y;
	gyros_accum[2] = gyrosData->z;
	
	if(xQueueReceive(gyro_queue, (void * const) &gyro, 3) == errQUEUE_EMPTY) {
		AlarmsSet(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE, SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ERROR);
		return -1;
	}

	gyrosData->x = gyro.gyro_x * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->y = -gyro.gyro_y * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->z = -gyro.gyro_z * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->temperature = 0;

	gyros_accum[0] += gyrosData->x;
	gyros_accum[1] += gyrosData->y;
	gyros_accum[2] += gyrosData->z;

	if(xQueueReceive(gyro_queue, (void * const) &gyro, 3) == errQUEUE_EMPTY) {
		AlarmsSet(SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ATTITUDE, SYSTEMALARMS_ALARM_ERROR);
		return -1;
	}
	
	gyrosData->x = gyro.gyro_x * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->y = -gyro.gyro_y * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->z = -gyro.gyro_z * gyro_scaling;
	gyrosData->temperature = 0;
	GyrosSet(gyrosData);

	gyros_accum[0] += gyrosData->x;
	gyros_accum[1] += gyrosData->y;
	gyros_accum[2] += gyrosData->z;
	
	gyros_passed[0] = gyros_accum[0] / 3;
	gyros_passed[1] = gyros_accum[1] / 3;
	gyros_passed[2] = gyros_accum[2] / 3;
#endif	

#if defined(PIOS_INCLUDE_BMA180)
	struct pios_bma180_data accel;
	accel_samples = 0;
	bool error = false;
	int32_t accel_read_good;
	
	while((accel_read_good = PIOS_BMA180_ReadFifo(&accel)) != 0 && !error)
		error = ((xTaskGetTickCount() - lastSysTime) > 5) ? true : error;
	if (error) {
		// Unfortunately if the BMA180 ever misses getting read, then it will not
		// trigger more interrupts.  In this case we must force a read to kickstart
		// it.
		PIOS_BMA180_ReadAccels(&accel);
		lastSysTime = xTaskGetTickCount();
		return -1;
	}
	while(accel_read_good == 0) {	
		accel_samples++;
		
		accel_accum[0] += accel.x;
		accel_accum[1] += accel.y;
		accel_accum[2] += accel.z;
		
		accel_read_good = PIOS_BMA180_ReadFifo(&accel);
	}
	accel_scaling = PIOS_BMA180_GetScale();
#endif
	
	float accels[3] = {(float) -accel_accum[1] / accel_samples, (float) -accel_accum[0] / accel_samples, -(float) accel_accum[2] / accel_samples};
	
	accelsData->x = (accels[0] - accelbias[0]) * accel_scaling;
	accelsData->y = (accels[1] - accelbias[1]) * accel_scaling;
	accelsData->z = (accels[2] - accelbias[2]) * accel_scaling;
	
	lastSysTime = xTaskGetTickCount();
	
	return 0;
}

static void updateAttitude(AccelsData * accelsData, GyrosData * gyrosData)
{
	float dT;
	portTickType thisSysTime = xTaskGetTickCount();
	static portTickType lastSysTime = 0;
	
	dT = (thisSysTime == lastSysTime) ? 0.001 : (portMAX_DELAY & (thisSysTime - lastSysTime)) / portTICK_RATE_MS / 1000.0f;
	lastSysTime = thisSysTime;
	
	// Bad practice to assume structure order, but saves memory
	float * gyros = gyros_passed;
	float * accels = &accelsData->x;
	
	float grot[3];
	float accel_err[3];
	
	// Rotate gravity to body frame and cross with accels
	grot[0] = -(2 * (q[1] * q[3] - q[0] * q[2]));
	grot[1] = -(2 * (q[2] * q[3] + q[0] * q[1]));
	grot[2] = -(q[0] * q[0] - q[1]*q[1] - q[2]*q[2] + q[3]*q[3]);
	CrossProduct((const float *) accels, (const float *) grot, accel_err);
	
	// Account for accel magnitude
	float accel_mag = sqrtf(accels[0]*accels[0] + accels[1]*accels[1] + accels[2]*accels[2]);
	accel_err[0] /= accel_mag;
	accel_err[1] /= accel_mag;
	accel_err[2] /= accel_mag;
	
	// Accumulate integral of error.  Scale here so that units are (deg/s) but Ki has units of s
	gyro_correct_int[0] += accel_err[0] * accelKi;
	gyro_correct_int[1] += accel_err[1] * accelKi;
	
	//gyro_correct_int[2] += accel_err[2] * accelKi;
	
	// Correct rates based on error, integral component dealt with in updateSensors
	gyros[0] += accel_err[0] * accelKp / dT;
	gyros[1] += accel_err[1] * accelKp / dT;
	gyros[2] += accel_err[2] * accelKp / dT;
	
	{ // scoping variables to save memory
		// Work out time derivative from INSAlgo writeup
		// Also accounts for the fact that gyros are in deg/s
		float qdot[4];
		qdot[0] = (-q[1] * gyros[0] - q[2] * gyros[1] - q[3] * gyros[2]) * dT * M_PI / 180 / 2;
		qdot[1] = (q[0] * gyros[0] - q[3] * gyros[1] + q[2] * gyros[2]) * dT * M_PI / 180 / 2;
		qdot[2] = (q[3] * gyros[0] + q[0] * gyros[1] - q[1] * gyros[2]) * dT * M_PI / 180 / 2;
		qdot[3] = (-q[2] * gyros[0] + q[1] * gyros[1] + q[0] * gyros[2]) * dT * M_PI / 180 / 2;
		
		// Take a time step
		q[0] = q[0] + qdot[0];
		q[1] = q[1] + qdot[1];
		q[2] = q[2] + qdot[2];
		q[3] = q[3] + qdot[3];
		
		if(q[0] < 0) {
			q[0] = -q[0];
			q[1] = -q[1];
			q[2] = -q[2];
			q[3] = -q[3];
		}
	}
	
	// Renomalize
	float qmag = sqrtf(q[0]*q[0] + q[1]*q[1] + q[2]*q[2] + q[3]*q[3]);
	q[0] = q[0] / qmag;
	q[1] = q[1] / qmag;
	q[2] = q[2] / qmag;
	q[3] = q[3] / qmag;
	
	// If quaternion has become inappropriately short or is nan reinit.
	// THIS SHOULD NEVER ACTUALLY HAPPEN
	if((fabs(qmag) < 1e-3) || (qmag != qmag)) {
		q[0] = 1;
		q[1] = 0;
		q[2] = 0;
		q[3] = 0;
	}
	
	AttitudeActualData attitudeActual;
	AttitudeActualGet(&attitudeActual);
	
	quat_copy(q, &attitudeActual.q1);
	
	// Convert into eueler degrees (makes assumptions about RPY order)
	Quaternion2RPY(&attitudeActual.q1,&attitudeActual.Roll);
	
	AttitudeActualSet(&attitudeActual);
}

static void settingsUpdatedCb(UAVObjEvent * objEv) {
	AttitudeSettingsData attitudeSettings;
	AttitudeSettingsGet(&attitudeSettings);
	
	
	accelKp = attitudeSettings.AccelKp;
	accelKi = attitudeSettings.AccelKi;
	yawBiasRate = attitudeSettings.YawBiasRate;
	gyroGain = attitudeSettings.GyroGain;
	
	zero_during_arming = attitudeSettings.ZeroDuringArming == ATTITUDESETTINGS_ZERODURINGARMING_TRUE;
	bias_correct_gyro = attitudeSettings.BiasCorrectGyro == ATTITUDESETTINGS_BIASCORRECTGYRO_TRUE;
	
	accelbias[0] = attitudeSettings.AccelBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_ACCELBIAS_X];
	accelbias[1] = attitudeSettings.AccelBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_ACCELBIAS_Y];
	accelbias[2] = attitudeSettings.AccelBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_ACCELBIAS_Z];
	
	gyro_correct_int[0] = attitudeSettings.GyroBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_GYROBIAS_X] / 100.0f;
	gyro_correct_int[1] = attitudeSettings.GyroBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_GYROBIAS_Y] / 100.0f;
	gyro_correct_int[2] = attitudeSettings.GyroBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_GYROBIAS_Z] / 100.0f;
	
	// Indicates not to expend cycles on rotation
	if(attitudeSettings.BoardRotation[0] == 0 && attitudeSettings.BoardRotation[1] == 0 &&
	   attitudeSettings.BoardRotation[2] == 0) {
		rotate = 0;
		
		// Shouldn't be used but to be safe
		float rotationQuat[4] = {1,0,0,0};
		Quaternion2R(rotationQuat, R);
	} else {
		float rotationQuat[4];
		const float rpy[3] = {attitudeSettings.BoardRotation[ATTITUDESETTINGS_BOARDROTATION_ROLL],
			attitudeSettings.BoardRotation[ATTITUDESETTINGS_BOARDROTATION_PITCH],
			attitudeSettings.BoardRotation[ATTITUDESETTINGS_BOARDROTATION_YAW]};
		RPY2Quaternion(rpy, rotationQuat);
		Quaternion2R(rotationQuat, R);
		rotate = 1;
	}
	
	if (attitudeSettings.TrimFlight == ATTITUDESETTINGS_TRIMFLIGHT_START) {
		trim_accels[0] = 0;
		trim_accels[1] = 0;
		trim_accels[2] = 0;
		trim_samples = 0;
		trim_requested = true;
	} else if (attitudeSettings.TrimFlight == ATTITUDESETTINGS_TRIMFLIGHT_LOAD) {
		trim_requested = false;
		attitudeSettings.AccelBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_ACCELBIAS_X] = trim_accels[0] / trim_samples;
		attitudeSettings.AccelBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_ACCELBIAS_Y] = trim_accels[1] / trim_samples;
		// Z should average -grav
		attitudeSettings.AccelBias[ATTITUDESETTINGS_ACCELBIAS_Z] = trim_accels[2] / trim_samples + GRAV / ACCEL_SCALE;
		attitudeSettings.TrimFlight = ATTITUDESETTINGS_TRIMFLIGHT_NORMAL;
		AttitudeSettingsSet(&attitudeSettings);
	} else
		trim_requested = false;
}
/**
 * @}
 * @}
 */