Bootstrap/sass.md at fc3f4b67d65c575daa661ecf31cf59b4ff3cced5

mirror of https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap.git synced 2025-01-08 01:47:24 +01:00

* Add dark mode to docs

* Minor fix: missing space indentation

* Minor fix: revert utilities/z-index added-in modification

* Remove prev: and next: from doc because extracted to another PR

* Use .bg-body-tertiary in all Utilities > Overflow examples

* fix example

* Fix up spacing examples

* Update box-shadow Sass variables and utilities to auto-adjust to color modes

* Remove unused docs class

* Refactor form styles to use CSS variable for background images on .form-check and .form-switch

* Fix docs selector

* Rename shortcut for clarity

* Heading consistency

* Reintroduce missing 4th grid item in Utilities > Spacing example

* Fix bundlewatch

* .bd-callout* rendering is OK so removing comments in the code

* Update scss/_utilities.scss

Co-authored-by: Julien Déramond <julien.deramond@orange.com>

* Fix gutters example styling

* Fix text colors on background utils docs

* redesign and fix up position marker example, which doesn't show nicely in darkmode but at least isn't broken

* fix some color utils examples

* Deprecate mixin notice

* Deprecate notice for list-group-item-variant() mixin

* Revamp new link CSS vars

* Use map-keys in some each Sass files

* Remove list-group-item-variant mixin ref in sass loop desc

* Display CSS vars scoped to our built-in dark mode

* Revert previous commit

* Fix list group variant link

* Fix typo

* Remove imports of alert/list-group mixins in scss/_mixins.scss

* Small formatting + comments removal in scss/_content.scss

* Fix alert links colors

* fix dropdown border-radius mixin

* fix link color and underline again, this time using CSS var override for color var and fallback value for the underline

* fix colors on docs navbar for dark mode

* remove two changes

* missing ref

* another link underline fix, just use sass vars for link decoration for now

* missing color bg docs, plus move dropdown override to scss

* more changes from review

* fix some examples, drop unused docs navbar styles, update docs navbar color mode to use mixin

* Few fixes around type

- Restored CSS variable for color on headings, this time with a fallback value
- In conjunction, restored and wrapped the default CSS var with a null value check
- Split headings and paragraphs docs in Reboot, elaborated on them

* Restyle custom details > summary element in docs

* Rewrite some migration docs

* fix form checks

* Fix up some navbar styling, tweak docs callout

* Fix select images, mostly for validation styling

* Clean up some migration notes, document some new form control CSS vars, mention new variables-dark in sass docs

* Update site/content/docs/5.2/components/scrollspy.md

Co-authored-by: Julien Déramond <julien.deramond@orange.com>

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Julien Déramond <julien.deramond@orange.com>

* mention form control css vars in migration guide

* Tweak grid and flex docs background examples

* clarify some docs

* fix some more things

Co-authored-by: Julien Déramond <juderamond@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Julien Déramond <julien.deramond@orange.com>

2022-11-28 22:30:26 -08:00

11 KiB

Raw Blame History

layout	title	description	group	toc
docs	Sass	Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of variables, maps, mixins, and functions to help you build faster and customize your project.	customize	true

Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of variables, maps, mixins, and more.

File structure

Whenever possible, avoid modifying Bootstrap's core files. For Sass, that means creating your own stylesheet that imports Bootstrap so you can modify and extend it. Assuming you're using a package manager like npm, you'll have a file structure that looks like this:

your-project/
├── scss
│   └── custom.scss
└── node_modules/
    └── bootstrap
        ├── js
        └── scss

If you've downloaded our source files and aren't using a package manager, you'll want to manually create something similar to that structure, keeping Bootstrap's source files separate from your own.

your-project/
├── scss
│   └── custom.scss
└── bootstrap/
    ├── js
    └── scss

Importing

In your custom.scss, you'll import Bootstrap's source Sass files. You have two options: include all of Bootstrap, or pick the parts you need. We encourage the latter, though be aware there are some requirements and dependencies across our components. You also will need to include some JavaScript for our plugins.

// Custom.scss
// Option A: Include all of Bootstrap

// Include any default variable overrides here (though functions won't be available)

@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/bootstrap";

// Then add additional custom code here

// Custom.scss
// Option B: Include parts of Bootstrap

// 1. Include functions first (so you can manipulate colors, SVGs, calc, etc)
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/functions";

// 2. Include any default variable overrides here

// 3. Include remainder of required Bootstrap stylesheets (including any separate color mode stylesheets)
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables-dark";

// 4. Include any default map overrides here

// 5. Include remainder of required parts
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/maps";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/mixins";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/root";

// 6. Optionally include any other parts as needed
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/utilities";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/reboot";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/type";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/images";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/containers";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/grid";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/helpers";

// 7. Optionally include utilities API last to generate classes based on the Sass map in `_utilities.scss`
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/utilities/api";

// 8. Add additional custom code here

With that setup in place, you can begin to modify any of the Sass variables and maps in your custom.scss. You can also start to add parts of Bootstrap under the // Optional section as needed. We suggest using the full import stack from our bootstrap.scss file as your starting point.

Variable defaults

Every Sass variable in Bootstrap includes the !default flag allowing you to override the variable's default value in your own Sass without modifying Bootstrap's source code. Copy and paste variables as needed, modify their values, and remove the !default flag. If a variable has already been assigned, then it won't be re-assigned by the default values in Bootstrap.

You will find the complete list of Bootstrap's variables in scss/_variables.scss. Some variables are set to null, these variables don't output the property unless they are overridden in your configuration.

Variable overrides must come after our functions are imported, but before the rest of the imports.

Here's an example that changes the background-color and color for the <body> when importing and compiling Bootstrap via npm:

// Required
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/functions";

// Default variable overrides
$body-bg: #000;
$body-color: #111;

// Required
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables-dark";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/maps";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/mixins";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/root";

// Optional Bootstrap components here
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/reboot";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/type";
// etc

Repeat as necessary for any variable in Bootstrap, including the global options below.

Maps and loops

Bootstrap includes a handful of Sass maps, key value pairs that make it easier to generate families of related CSS. We use Sass maps for our colors, grid breakpoints, and more. Just like Sass variables, all Sass maps include the !default flag and can be overridden and extended.

Some of our Sass maps are merged into empty ones by default. This is done to allow easy expansion of a given Sass map, but comes at the cost of making removing items from a map slightly more difficult.

Modify map

All variables in the $theme-colors map are defined as standalone variables. To modify an existing color in our $theme-colors map, add the following to your custom Sass file:

$primary: #0074d9;
$danger: #ff4136;

Later on, these variables are set in Bootstrap's $theme-colors map:

$theme-colors: (
  "primary": $primary,
  "danger": $danger
);

Add to map

Add new colors to $theme-colors, or any other map, by creating a new Sass map with your custom values and merging it with the original map. In this case, we'll create a new $custom-colors map and merge it with $theme-colors.

// Create your own map
$custom-colors: (
  "custom-color": #900
);

// Merge the maps
$theme-colors: map-merge($theme-colors, $custom-colors);

Remove from map

To remove colors from $theme-colors, or any other map, use map-remove. Be aware you must insert $theme-colors between our requirements just after its definition in variables and before its usage in maps:

// Required
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/functions";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/variables-dark";

$theme-colors: map-remove($theme-colors, "info", "light", "dark");

@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/maps";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/mixins";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/root";

// Optional
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/reboot";
@import "../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/type";
// etc

Required keys

Bootstrap assumes the presence of some specific keys within Sass maps as we used and extend these ourselves. As you customize the included maps, you may encounter errors where a specific Sass map's key is being used.

For example, we use the primary, success, and danger keys from $theme-colors for links, buttons, and form states. Replacing the values of these keys should present no issues, but removing them may cause Sass compilation issues. In these instances, you'll need to modify the Sass code that makes use of those values.

Functions

Colors

Next to the [Sass maps]({{< docsref "/customize/color#color-sass-maps" >}}) we have, theme colors can also be used as standalone variables, like $primary.

.custom-element {
  color: $gray-100;
  background-color: $dark;
}

You can lighten or darken colors with Bootstrap's tint-color() and shade-color() functions. These functions will mix colors with black or white, unlike Sass' native lighten() and darken() functions which will change the lightness by a fixed amount, which often doesn't lead to the desired effect.

{{< scss-docs name="color-functions" file="scss/_functions.scss" >}}

In practice, you'd call the function and pass in the color and weight parameters.

.custom-element {
  color: tint-color($primary, 10%);
}

.custom-element-2 {
  color: shade-color($danger, 30%);
}

Color contrast

In order to meet the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) contrast requirements, authors must provide a minimum text color contrast of 4.5:1 and a minimum non-text color contrast of 3:1, with very few exceptions.

To help with this, we included the color-contrast function in Bootstrap. It uses the WCAG contrast ratio algorithm for calculating contrast thresholds based on relative luminance in an sRGB color space to automatically return a light (#fff), dark (#212529) or black (#000) contrast color based on the specified base color. This function is especially useful for mixins or loops where you're generating multiple classes.

For example, to generate color swatches from our $theme-colors map:

@each $color, $value in $theme-colors {
  .swatch-#{$color} {
    color: color-contrast($value);
  }
}

It can also be used for one-off contrast needs:

.custom-element {
  color: color-contrast(#000); // returns `color: #fff`
}

You can also specify a base color with our color map functions:

.custom-element {
  color: color-contrast($dark); // returns `color: #fff`
}

Escape SVG

We use the escape-svg function to escape the <, > and # characters for SVG background images. When using the escape-svg function, data URIs must be quoted.

Add and Subtract functions

We use the add and subtract functions to wrap the CSS calc function. The primary purpose of these functions is to avoid errors when a "unitless" 0 value is passed into a calc expression. Expressions like calc(10px - 0) will return an error in all browsers, despite being mathematically correct.

Example where the calc is valid:

$border-radius: .25rem;
$border-width: 1px;

.element {
  // Output calc(.25rem - 1px) is valid
  border-radius: calc($border-radius - $border-width);
}

.element {
  // Output the same calc(.25rem - 1px) as above
  border-radius: subtract($border-radius, $border-width);
}

Example where the calc is invalid:

$border-radius: .25rem;
$border-width: 0;

.element {
  // Output calc(.25rem - 0) is invalid
  border-radius: calc($border-radius - $border-width);
}

.element {
  // Output .25rem
  border-radius: subtract($border-radius, $border-width);
}

Mixins

Our scss/mixins/ directory has a ton of mixins that power parts of Bootstrap and can also be used across your own project.

Color schemes

A shorthand mixin for the prefers-color-scheme media query is available with support for light, dark, and custom color schemes. See [the color modes documentation]({{< docsref "/customize/color-modes" >}}) for information on our color mode mixin.

{{< scss-docs name="mixin-color-scheme" file="scss/mixins/_color-scheme.scss" >}}

.custom-element {
  @include color-scheme(dark) {
    // Insert dark mode styles here
  }

  @include color-scheme(custom-named-scheme) {
    // Insert custom color scheme styles here
  }
}

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